रविवार, 10 नवंबर 2013

AYE MERE DIL KAHIN AUR CHAL

AYE     MERE      DIL   KAHIN    AUR   CHAL
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     There are many moments of the  past which make me happy. Strangely, incidents in modest and simple surroundings/circumstances have given me more happiness than even travelling  to foreign locales. Among many such adolescent/childhood memories are the moments watching those countless ‘Black and White’ films in Allahabad. ‘Morning shows’, at various distant cinema halls were meticulously followed through the information in ‘Northen Indian Patrika’. ‘Palace’ was nearest at civil lines, others such as ‘Moti Mahal’, ‘Vishambhar’ were far; later ‘Jhankar’ also screened old cinema.
    Those days the popular  culture was not hit by the Television invasion and the citizens were not caged in their drawing rooms chained to the ‘Soap Operas’. Many cinema Halls screened old films at ‘reduced rates’, because the new releases could not keep pace with the number of Cinema Halls, and therefore the ‘reruns’ of old films were a norm. More so, as the cost of print at that time was very high ,even new releases were screened in only one Cinema Hall, and very rare we would witness a release in two Halls- ‘Sholay’ and ‘Bobby’, were exceptions . The reruns gave us a chance to see the Cinema of the yesteryears and appreciate the Art of Dilip Kumar, Balraj Sahni etc. They were still in reckoning but the best years were behind them. They belonged to the generation of my father, but still we liked them  as the world was moving slow then and the gulf between the generations was tolerable. Unlike the young of today who make faces whenever an old song plays on TV or a yesteryear Actor appears.
  However I am writing to day of  the intense impact  the film ‘Daag’ ( 1954, Dilip Kumar-Nimmi starrer) had on me when I saw it in the late sixties/early seventies. I may have been 12-13 old then and had by then bitten by the movie bug. My parents too never restricted  my love for the movies and the entire family on occasions witnessed the new releases by booking tickets in advance. It was always a big family outing and often an award at the end of the Annual examination or receipt of results. We  three brothers would dress well, make our hair in style of the Hero we were worshipping at that point in time, make gestures copying the Hero on the poster, utter some famous dialogues from the film or recite songs made famous by then; this used to be our ritual prior to witnessing the film ;after return from the Hall, the story with dialogues was narrated to our friends and relatives  and for days I was specially affected  by the charm and beauty of the heroine and imagined her to be mine.
   However at the  beginning of my cinematic affair the avenues and opportunities were few owing to my age as I had yet not embarked on college life and therefore my solitary movements were marked to the borders of my colony; Ashok Nagar .Therefore we looked for alternate cinematic experience and my friend’s residence was one such place. His father too was fond of cinema so much so that he would regularly walk to cinema halls in the evening after the end of his walk and return home on rickshaw; he was an eminent professor in the University. He was member of the ‘Chalchitra vibhag’ and could loan films for private screenings. We children therefore saw many good films at my friend’s place on his 16mm projector- ‘Kanoon’, ‘Bahu-Rani’, ‘Kundan’ are some of the films I still recall. Films were also shown to us at our school- St Joseph’s Academy; ‘Kohra’ is one suspense film which terrified us to the extent that we students had made a cluster in the middle of the hall and our chairs were all hugging each other ;it was a sight at the end of the show1

 Returning to ‘Daag’, it remains in my memory as the earliest film I saw for free , on the Annual Day celebrations of the ‘Valmiki School’ which was just opposite the ‘Chakbandi’ office at the beginning of the Ashok Nagar crossing. ‘Valmiki School’ as my memory goes was a municipal school with rudimentary structure , classrooms with tin roof in straight lines on three sides. A big tamarind tree provided shade to a large  grassless ground in the center. As it grew dark we were on the ground swatting on a mat which was partly provided and covered some portion of the ground. Soon the ground was filled with  people , they were standing along the wired boundary wall, on the roof top, on the adjoining trees.
 The film began and I was transferred to another world. It was a simple story of Dilip Kumar whose weakness was drinking, despite his girlfriend’ and mother’s ( Nimmi and Lalita Pawar)advise and remonstrations  he is unable to quit this habit , however one day he is sobered and leaves his village for a job in town, on his return one day he finds his mother is dead, he takes to drinking again and dies in the end. However what has remained with me forever ‘etched’  is the song – Aye mere dil kahin aur chal, gham ki duniyan de dil bhar gaya, mein yahan jite ji mar gaya…. Sung by Talat Mahmood, composed by Shankar Jaikishan and penned by Shailendra, this song is soul stirring and appears in the film on many occasions. The long shot of Dilip returning triumphantly to his village suitcase in hand and the song on his lips still haunts me. The strong and yet melodious sound of the ‘Piano-accordion’ is the core of that song.

  Even now, whenever I hear the song the sound   takes me to those happy moments , moments of freedom, imagination, creativity. It remains a moment of ‘Catharsis’ for me; always!

गुरुवार, 7 नवंबर 2013

HINDI -- FORTNIGHT






                                HINDI - FORTNIGHT
( HINDI - PAKHWARA )








14 September is devoted as 'Hindi Day' in Government Offices and Organizations . The first and second fortnights of September are devoted to the propagation of Hindi. An Organization may opt for any of the two for the purpose. One witnesses during such days Banners /Posters conveying that Hindi Pakhwara is in session from 14 to 28 Sep etc..

Why do we devote a day, a fortnight, a month in a year for something which is alive! Or is Hindi Dead? Ironically, the fortnight precedes the fortnight which is devoted by Hindus to remember their dead ancestors--- The Pitri Paksh. Do the devotees of Hindi consider it as a mercy/compensation granted to them in an era where English has triumphed it as the desire of the millions though even after 66 years of Independence not more than 6% speak the English language.
Some thoughts would be appropriate on the occasion : Firstly,no language can be propagated by imposition or by a diktat . The people should be willing to learn it on their own. Two factors play an important role in the development of a language; Language should be connected to employment/commerce/economy and there should be a genuine love for the language. However love is not enough. The case in point is of Urdu which is loved by many, but not accepted by many.

English is spoken today by millions all over the world, not because of its beauty or any other great value but because the English ruled the world. Shakespeare is known to us because of the East India Company, whereas Henrik Ibsen the great Norwegian playwright is not as famous because of the restriction of the language as Norwegians did not colonize the nations.
Proliferation of Hindi through Sarkari means has not done any good to the language . Inadvertently though,the biggest contribution to the growth of the language is through the Hindi films and songs; both old and new. People's love of Cinema!

Administration/commerce/education/economy gives fillip to the language as was the case of Persian earlier which was the Court language, and later English which fetched jobs. Hindi will continue to lag behind in the economic field but may maintain its position in the cultural field, mainly in the popular culture. Hindi does not give 'jobs' and therefore from villages to small towns to cities the 'English-medium' schools are a big business!

The Sarkari solution is three languages- English -Hindi- a regional language. It is possible if we inculcate the same from schools. Study of languages is easy from childhood, what we should generate is acceptance. But acceptance of the many languages is linked to our acceptance of each other.

Language , perhaps next to religion is the most sensitive issue among communities and remains always a highly volatile and emotional issue, the most logical people sound so illogical and unreasonable on the question of ' Language'. However the issue has remained dormant in India and the matter of Hindi has not been progressed considering the other pressing problems of the State such as economy, integration and other conflicts. Ta mil Nadu does raise the question of Hindi whenever it has problems with the Centre. Nehru's balanced and sensible approach in moving slowly in the question of Hindi has avoided aggravation of the issue.

It is indeed ironical that the people are ready to accept English as the Language of Administration and education but not adopt an Indian Language as its National Language. Till then Hindi will continue to entertain the masses with its songs and 'soap operas' !

सोमवार, 4 नवंबर 2013

VISITING TWO FADING IDEOLOGIES






VISITING TWO FADING IDEOLOGIES



A few days ago I happened to visit the Fort Area of Mumbai and was negotiating the lane ( Yazdani Bakery) connecting Elphinstone Building( Akbaraleej area) to the Phirozshah Mehta Road . I had passed through the area many times and soon on my arrival in Bombay in 1981 had visited the place. There used to be ' The People's publishing house' flourishing then next to the office of The 'BLITZ' which too has faded along with the other many 'weeklies'.The 'PPP's prominence diluted with the break up of The Soviet Union and soon the shutter of the shop remained permanently down, but whenever I passed that lane I did glance to the side to remind of the days gone by. I was a regular to the shop and had purchased many books of Soviet literary authors- Chekov, Dostovasky,and children story books, these were not only reasonably priced but were of good binding and paper, my daughter still remembers the story of 'Masha and the Bear' and we have named our she dog -Masha! And, therefore the other day too as I looked to the side I was surprised to see the shutter up, and walked to the shop to see that the place has been named as 'People's Book House' on inquiry I learn t that now it is run by a Trust of the Communist Party of India. I was happy to see books on display, and though the subsidy of the Sovietraj did not exist some of the old collections were visible such as Dostovasky's 'Crime and Punishment' I also purchased the 1987 print of 'Ten days which shook the world ' the famous book of John Reed describing the Russian Revolution. Also on display were Hindi literary and Marathi literary works, the CPI mouth piece 'New Age' could be seen in one corner much thinned and dulled as reflection of its party's present state! I have some affinity toward 'PPP', from my Allahabad University days, sometimes we friends visited the 'Nilaabh prakashan' next to the the ever 'decadent-vibrant' 'coffee-house' in civil lines. The PPP books were available at 'Nilaabh', the publication of the famous Hindi writer Upendranath Ashk, named after his son, interestingly during my last visit I chanced to enter 'Nilaabh' and to my dismay found it in a dismal state-faded books,very few in number , the staff unconcerned sitting in the middle talking among themselves waiting for the day to end. My father had gifted me the twin volumes of Dostovasky's, 'The Idiot', purchased from there which I still possesses.

The very day I happened to visit the 'Khadi Gram Udyog' at D N Road. It is a very big departmental store containing various items made by village cooperatives such as Kurta-Pyjamas, silk clothes,shoes , brass artifacts , honey, books etc. But the place has not kept pace with time and is marred by the usual sarkari pace and inefficiency . I purchased two kurtas and two pyjamas to cater to the warm season ahead, somehow in spite of the mall culture and return of the ethnic wear the quality of cloth is inferior in Fabindia and therefore I find 'Khadi' offering variety to be true to itself even if it lacks market skills. My association with Khadi dates back to the times when during oct-nov months coinciding with the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi ( 02 Oct ) Khadi clothes were sold at heavy discount and we purchased our year's requirement then only, crowd used to overflow and stalls were erected even outside the premises. Now no more discount exists and the rates of the items match with the biggest brands .I wondered therefore that by accident today I stumbled upon the two posts of the crumbling ideologies- Marxism and Gandhism, and felt sad at the decline of the two very relevant ideas, at the same time it was a little reassuring to note that all was not dead and the ideology even though low was not completely defunct.
It is not always important to be dominant but what is important is to keep the struggle on and inspire new struggles and in a way the struggle of 'Aam Aadmi 'party and 'Anna's 'movement is tribute to the Left and Gandhian ideologies!